Arch Linux for me is one of the best Linux distro, when I started using Linux, I only used Ubuntu as my principal operation system. In this little article I want to explain How install and configure Arch Linux, in the blog there is a section in the menu bar, that contain a bash script with a lot of commands that will install all the work-environment for you. In any case, I will leave you the link attached to these words.
Without more to say, let's give...
For this simple tutorial we are going to deal with what is virtualbox, which is used to create virtual machines in which we can install operating systems.
First things first, and it is that you have to bear in mind that installing ArchLinux is not an easy task if you are starting in the world of Linux and perhaps hacking, so the first step is to go to the download page in the domain archlinux.org and go to the download section at the top right of the page.
Once we have gone to the corresponding section, the next step would be to go to the download part by BitTorrent and Magnet link to download the Arch iso image.
We see that we have several options to choose from, so for this tutorial we will use the simplest download route so as not to complicate our lives so much, since the other part corresponds to a download through Utorrent, which would lead one way or another more commitment and more time, without more to say we are going to create our virtual machine to install Arch.
Now if, without more to say, we create and configure our virtual machine to explain step by step everything that must be done and the way in which I have always done it, I will assume that we already have the virtual machine created and started. Now the next step is to follow the command guide on the ArchLinux official website.
Required commands:
# loadkeys de-latin1
# timedatectl set-ntp true
# cfdisk
# mkfs.ext4 /dev/root_partition
# mkswap /dev/swap_partition
# mount /dev/root_partition /mnt
# swapon /dev/swap_partition
# pacstrap /mnt base linux linux-firmware
# genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
# arch-chroot /mnt
# ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Region/City /etc/localtime
# hwclock --systohc
# locale-gen
# /etc/locale.conf
Create the locale.conf(5) file, and set the LANG variable accordingly:
LANG=en_US.UTF-8
# /etc/vconsole.conf
Make the changes persistent in vconsole.conf(5):
KEYMAP=de-latin1
# Create the hostname file:
# Hostname
/etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost ::1 localhost 127.0.1.1 myhostname.localdomain myhostname
# mkinitcpio -P
# passwd
Reboot
Now the first command that we will user is #loadkeys keyboard-input(de-latin1), this command will allow us to load the keyboard-input that we want to use. Then we have to update the system clock with the following command: timedatectl set-ntp true to configure the clock of your system.
First of all, if you ask us the type of partition format, we must select "two", because if we choose another type we can have problems when installing the operating system.
Once in this interface, the one in the previous image, our job now is to create two partitions, one that will be the main one which should cover the entire part of the disk that we are going to use since it will be where the operating system and must have the following characteristics, and for this we will have to go to the >> type section in the bottom bar between the options, and the other will be the swap memory, which must contain at least 4GB of memory so as not to have problems. In this case we will only have these two partitions, since they are the only ones that we are going to use.
-The first partition as I mentioned earlier, should have these characteristics: Type- "Primary *", Bootable *, Linux-type *.
-The second partition should have the following: Primary *, Type Linux Swap / Solaris *.
The following commands that you will see in the images are the first to be able to proceed with the installation of the firmware and some necessary packages for our system.
Once this is done we execute the following commands which is the easiest thing to do, it is just to look at the commands that I have left in the list at the beginning and start writing them in their terminals with Arch. On the other hand, as I mentioned before, I will leave a link, well that there is already in the blog to be able to install the configurations and and the functions.
The set of packages that we are going to install first are the Firmware, the Linux-Lts, Linux-Firmware, Linux and the base of the packages of the package manager that is pacman (in the case of Arch linux).
Now I am going to show you some of the packages that will be installed when entering the previous command, in addition to that we can also install other more additional packages which we will use later and that are more than necessary to be able to give users permissions and install the packages . I also want to tell you that if you have problems with the internet or do not have a connection, you can let me know in the comments box and I will make another tutorial showing you how to repair it, without further ado we will see the following image:
Boot loader
Something that we cannot forget is the grub installation, since it is essential to be able to access the OS installation. I have to say that in the beginning when I started learning Linux and started installing Arch, it took a lot of work and consumed many hours of work and learning as it is not an easy task for beginners.
I am going to leave you the link so that you can go and know from the official page, how to install the grub system:
Once we have everything set up, I mean the commands that I have left above, we are going to install a text editor, the dhcpd which is for the interconnections, and the NetworkManager to manage the relationship with the wifi or ethernet connections and to everything works fine. In this case we will use nano as an editor, which we can install as follows:
pacman -Syyu (package name- nano in this case)
pacman -Syyu nano
To activate the services we will use the following format:
systemctl enable (system name)
systemctl enable dhcpcd
systemctl enable NetworkManager
Once the tool is downloaded, you must give execution permissions and you will be able to install the corresponding packages and it will ask you if you want to install and proceed with each thing, you will only have to log in with the root user. One thing that I did not mention before is that before proceeding with the execution of the script, you must have a Display Manager or window such as lighdm or any other installed and running, which I will also leave appended here.
¡Installing ArchLinux is not as difficult as we thought at first or as we usually imagine. Enjoy the tutorial!
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